Sections of the criteria and accompanying text were sorted into tables permitting visual comparisons across the editions. This article chronicles the evolution of PTSD across editions of the DSM.ĭiagnostic precursors to PTSD in DSM-I and DSM-II were briefly described, followed by systematic review of PTSD in subsequent editions of the DSM. No reviews have fully documented the shifting PTSD definitions across editions of the criteria. Specify if: Chronic: if duration of symptoms is 3 months or more.The diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has remained controversial from the time of its first inclusion in DSM-III. Specify if: Acute: if duration of symptoms is less than 3 months. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., medication, alcohol) or another medical condition. The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Duration of the disturbance (Criteria B, C, D, and E) is more than 1 month.į. Duration of the disturbance (symptoms in criteria B, C and D) is more than 1 month.į. Irritable behavior and angry outbursts (with little or no provocation) typically expressed as verbal or physical aggression toward people or objects. Sleep disturbance (e.g., difficulty falling or staying asleep or restless sleep). Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event(s), beginning or worsening after the traumatic event(s) occurred, as evidence by two (or more) of the following: 6. Persistent symptoms of increased arousal (not present before the trauma), as indicated by two or more of the following:Į. Persistent, distorted cognitions about the cause or consequences of the traumatic event(s) that lead the individual to blame himself/herself or others.ĭ. Persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs or expectations about oneself, others, or the world (e.g., “I am bad ” “No one can be trusted ” “The world is completely dangerous ” “My whole nervous system is permanently ruined”). Persistent negative emotion state (e.g., fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame). Persistent inability to experience positive emotions (e.g., inability to experience happiness, satisfaction, or loving feelings). 6.įeelings of detachment or estrangement from others. Markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities. Inability to remember an important aspect of the traumatic event(s) (typically due to dissociative amnesia and not to other factors such as head injury, alcohol, or drugs). Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with the traumatic event(s), beginning or worsening after the traumatic event(s) occurred, as evidenced by two or more of the following: 1. Avoidance of or efforts to avoid external reminders (people, places, conversations, activities, objects, situations) that arouse distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings about or closely associated with the traumatic event(s).ĭ.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |